"

//p

n

Ilr

GRC

3

PROJECT

TITLE:

Safflower

Variety

Performance

Trial

J

PERSONNEL:

Project

Leaders:

Jerald

R.

Dergman

-

Sidney

-

Safflower

Coordinator

Gregg

R.

Carlson

-

Havre

-

Agronomist

OBJECTIVES:

Safflower

serves

as

an

excellent

crop

component

in

many

areas

of

northern

Montana

in

flexible

dryland

rotations

with

small

cereal

grains;

particularly

in

view

of

safflower's

status

in

the

Federal

Farm

Program.

A

significant

portion

of

the

north

central

cropping

area

has

climatic

conditions

suitable

for

production

of

safflower.

It

is

the

objective

of

this

study

to

evaluate

existing

commercial

entries

along

with

promising

experimental

lines

being

developed

at

Sidney

to

determine

varietal

appropriateness,

and

subsequent

release

and

recommendation

information

specific

to

environmental

conditions

in

northern

areas.

SUMMARY:

A

single

trial

was

established

on-station

at

Havre

using

standard

plot

techniques

in

a

randomized

complete

block

design.

Entries

were

planted

in

4-

"

row

plots,

20

feet

in

length

on

a

12-inch

spacing

utilizing

a

"Rem'

self

propelled

cone

seeder

equipped

with

"Acra-planf

hoe

openers.

Plots

were

trimmed

to

16

feet

and

harvested

with

a

"Ilege

125C'

plot

combine.

Other

variables

specific

to

the

trial

are

listed

in

the

data

table.

At

Havre,

total

annual

precipitation

was

7.43

inches

or

63

percent

of

the

average

of

years

since

1916.

The

only

year

lower

in

72

years

at

the

center

was

1961

with

7.14

inches.

Only

5.01

inches

were

received

from

September

1,

1987

to

August

31,

1980

representing

only

43

percent

of

normal

for

"cropping

years'

since

1916.

n

RESULTS:

Yield,

test

weight

and

oil

content

data

are

summarized

in

Table

1.

Test

weights

were

very

good

and

oil

contents

excellent.

Seven-year

yield

and

percent

oil

summaries

on

selected

entries

are

presented

in

Table

2.

"Finch'

,

Montana

developed,

currently

yields

highest

among

cultivars

on

a

"Seven-year

Comparable

Average'

basis

at

Havre.

"Finch'

,

a

white-hulled

line.

/o?C3

Ilr

GRC

3

rm

features

higher

test

weight;

and

serves

as

a

replacement

for

"S-208'

in

the

birdseed

market.

"

"S-317'

,

"S-200'

and

"8-541*

continue

to

perform

well

under

dryland

conditions

in

the

Havre

area

as

alternaria

and/or

pseudomoras

disease

organisms

have

generally

not

become

factors

limiting

production.

Disease-

i-»

resistant

Montana

releases

"Finch*

and

"Girard*

are,

however,

now

taking

their

place

among

the

higher

yielding

lines.

"

FUTURE

PLANS:

It

is

planned

that

these

investigations

be

continued

on

an

annual

basis

in

on-going

support

of

the

Montana

safflower

breeding

and

variety

development

project.

Ilr

GRC

3

TABLE

1.

DRYLAND

FALLOW

SAFFLOWER

VARIETY

NURSERY.

RESEARCH

CENTER.

HAVRE,

MONTANA.

1908.

NORTHERN

AGRICULTURAL

OIL

OIL

YIELD

TEST

WT

DRY

OASIS

@

8%

MOISTURE

ID

VARIETY

OR

SELECTION

LBS/AC

LOS/OU

%

%

n

23

S-208

1135.93

40.90

48.20

44.33

02

82B

3555

1126.18

38.97

49.47

45.50

24

MT

3697

1043.70

41.90

49.83

45.87

16

850

4829

966.12

41.97

51.13

47.00

21

S-541

965.32

40.93

51.80

47.67

19

FINCH

960.82

45.77

45.77

42.10

06

85D

1837

885.45

39.43

47.60

43.80

22

SAFFIRE

840.23

41.37

39.37

36.20

11

850

4193

812.22

39.10

47.53

43.73

12

850

4431

801.12

40.30

46.90

43.17

14

850

4716

763.15

41.93

45.70

42.07

09

850

2818

737.95

39.10

49.07

45.17

13

850

4453

671.62

38.57

50.67

46.60

npB

17

860

4509

619.11

39.63

49.70

45.73

08

850

1873

563.34

38.27

47.40

43.63

20

GIRARD

549.78

40.03

48.20

44.33

15

850

4793

544.18

38.30

45.57

41.93

03

830

1954

521.92

38.17

48.13

44.27

07

850

1856

521.17

38.27

47.53

43.70

04

850

851

387.38

37.80

48.27

44.40

05

850

1832

308.50

39.90

49.17

45.23

01

820

1277

287.75

33.73

49.17

45.23

10

850

3918

209.67

36.17

51.87

47.73

18

OKER

114.99

38.70

48.00

44.13

EXPERIMENTAL

MEANS

680.73

39.55

48.17

44.31

C.V.

2:

(S

OF

MEAN/MEAN)*100

16.65

3.64

.83

.83

LSD

(0.05)

322.71

4.10

1.13

1.04

CLIMATIC

and

NURSERY

MANAGEMENT

DATA

Seeding:

Date:

Harvest

Date:

Seeding

Depth:

Soil

Series:

Previous

Crop:

Measured

Soil

05/04/88

10/05/88

1.75

in.

Te1stad-JopIin-Kevi

n

Fallow

Water

on

04/01/88:

Soil

Temp

@

Sdg:

79F

@

2in.,

73F

@

4in.

Root

Penetration

Depth:

NA

Depth

to

Moisture

at

Sdg:

1.75

in.

Probed

Moist.Depth

@

Sdg:

55.0

in.+

Herbicide:

Trifluralin

@

.751bs

9.75

in.

(sampling

depth

=

0.01

in

(0.00

in

events

>

9.76

in.

(sampling

depth

=

48

.1

48

in.)

in.)

in.)

Precipitation

04/01/88

to

Seeding:

Initial

Stored

Soil

Water

at

Seeding:

Growing

Season

Precipitation

(Sdg.to

14

days

prior

to

harvest

maturity

Total

-

all

measurable

events:

5.13

in.

Total

-

all

events

>.l

inches:

4.79

in.

Post

Growing

Season

Precipitation

(within

14

days

of

harvest

maturity):

Total

-

all

measurable

events:

0.11

in.

Total

-

all

events

>.l

inches:

0.11

in.

Initial

Soil

Analysis

(N03.P,K

at

0-6

in.;

N03

at

6-24,

24-36

&

36-48

N03(lbs/ac)=

122

,

P(ppm

olsen)=

20

,

K(ppm)=

295

,

pH=

7.9,

O.M.(%)

H

M'

):

in.)

:

=

1.2

Fertilizer:

39#N,32#P205

via

dual

injection

w/10-34-0

&

28-0-0

liquids

fall

87

TABLE

2.

SEVEN-YEAR

YIEU)

AND

OIL

SU44AIW

ON

SEIBJTEO

a^TRIES

FW3M

A

FAUJOW

SAFRJOWER

VARIETY

PERFOI^^

NORTHERN

AGRICULTURAL

RESEARCH

C0ITER.

HAVRE,

MONTANA.

1882-1988.

YIELD

(POUNDS

PER

ACRE)

OIL

(Percent

by

Weight)

8

8

%

MIISTURE

AVERAGE

7-YR.

PERCENT

AVERAGE

7-YR.

PERCBiT

FOR

COMPAR.

OF

FOR

COMPAR.

OF

YEARS

AVERAGE

S-208

YEARS

AVERAGE

S-208

CO

1985

1986

1987

.

1988

TESTED

.YIELD

YIELD

'1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

TESTED

011%

OIL%

2/

2/

554.2

350.1

1622.4

1871.6

360.8

1071.8

1716.3>

130.8

36.0

37.2

40.2

41.2

42.1

39.3

38.5

93.3

572.7

1653.6

1340.8

-

1331.0

1483.6

113.1

-

42.2

46.4

46.4

-

45.0

43.7

105.8

_

390.8

1561.8

2023.5

-

1327.2

1415.6

107.9

-

43.4

48.2

45.7

-

45.8

44.5

107.7

_

473.2

1290.3

2022.3

-

1261.9

1345.9

102.6

-

37.9

41.0

41.1

-

40.0

38.9

94.1

483.2

455.7

1343.7

1942.3

965.3

1327.2

1327.2

101.1

42.5

43.1

45.6

46.9

47.7

44.7

44.7

108.2

399.2

338.1

1060.9

1773.8

549.8

824.4

.1320.0

100.6

38.0

38.0

42.2

43.2

44.3

41.2

40.3

97.6

822.2

454.7

1365.3

1870.9

1135.9

1312.2

1312.2

100.0

39.0

40.5 43.5

43.6

44.3

41.3

41.3

100.0

467.7

1309.4

1753.4

-

1176.8

1255.2

95.7

-

41.9

44.8

43.7

-

43.5

42.2

102.3

422.2

1677.3

-

-

1353.0

1240.6

94.5

35.5

-

37.1

-

-

35.4

36.2

87.6

529.2

446.2

1148.9

1895.6

-

1005.0

1223.0

93.2

40.6

40.9

45.4

44.5

-

42.9

42.4

102.8

382.1 371.1

1336.9

1584.3

-

1174.9

1149.2

87.6

34.5

35.8

39.0

39.3

-

36.7

37.0

89.7

1158.5

1736.0

521.9

1138.8

1046.9

79.8

--

44.2

44.3 44.3

44.2

41.7

101.0

128.1

166.8

790.5

1557.3

115.0

731.1 731.1

55.7

39.5

41.0

43.7

43.5

44.1

41.5

41.5

100.6

439.8

407.9

1332.7

1831.5

708.1

-

1274.4

-

38.2

40.2

43.2

43.6

44.5

-

41.0

-

2.82

7.83

8.48

6.01

5.13

7.32

8.00

8.00

9.39

11.61

9.76

8.97

10.62

15.83

17.87

17.62

14.83

16.28

-

-

138.0

94.0

122.0

-

-

48.0 48.0

48.0

70.0

40.0

43.0

43.0

39.0

40.0

40.0

43.0 43.0

32.0

NO.

VARIETY

OF

OR

YEARS

SELECTION

TESTED

1/

FINCH

S-317

aeic

82B1983

S-541

GIRARO

S-208

82B2364

REHBEIN

81B3837

HARTMAN

8381854

4/

OKER

MEAN

(ENTRIES

LISTED)

5/

Grwg

Ssn

Ppt.

(in.)

6/

SI

PAW

in.

to

SOePlt

Tot

Pit

Avl

Water

(in.)

SolT

N03(lb6)

to

SDSPlt

SD

(Sn^lng

[^th

inches)

FertiTizer

App.

(#

N)

(8

P205)

Check

variety

is

S-208.

variety

noted.

il

0

I

•

tested,

y

=

average

yield

or

oil

content

of

S-208

for

the

s^

years,

aMj

L

**

f

yr*

ovciaye

yieiu

oiu

ui

i

miwgiiv

iwi

wic

uicwrv

vai

i

3/

Percent

of

S-208

yield

or

oil

content

for

the

safoe

data

years.

U

808

2793

in

1982,

808

2793-2

in

1983.

5/

Seeding

to

14

days

prior

to

harvest

maturity.

6/

Depth

of

moist

soil

(ft.)

*

2.00

in.

PAW/ft

except

starting

in

1986

where

soil

PAW

values

are

actual

gravimetric

measurements.